I read that it was only the 30 years war which truly ignited german nationalism, as they saw foreign nations just trample over their lands. All parties involved in the war went nearly broke because of the size of their respective armies and this in turn had a devastating impact on the economies as a whole. The thirty years war german culture all about germany. While this was one of the main instigators for the ensuing military action, it should also be noted that there was already a great deal of instability throughout europe, particularly because of the fragmented nature of the individual states and their mixed alliances. A number of europes leading powers were involved in the thirty years war 16181648, including france, denmark, sweden, and spain. Art and fleeing from the thirty years war taylors thoughts. The real causes of world war 2 and its devastating effects. It was very destructive to central europe and divided germany until 1870.
Onethird of the urban residents and twofifths of the rural area inhabitants died. The thirty years war produced astonishing casualties. What effect did the thirty years war have on germany. The thirty years war began in the holy roman empire asked in history of europe, us in ww2. Aug 10, 2016 the thirty years war had lasting effects as it killed as many people, industry suffered and so did all the infrastructure, such as it was, in western europe. The netherlands, previously ruled by spain, was granted independence at the end of the war. The effects of the thirty years war on germany before the twentieth century, there was overwhelming agreement among historians that the thirty years war had disastrous effects on germany. Although the majority of germany suffered from famine and economic ruin, there were regions that came out. The thirty years war had a profound impact on europe. Before the war, lutheranism and catholicism were the only religions recognized. The religious situation in germany before the outbreak. The men were tortured and killed, the women were raped and than killed, and the children were killed just for pleasure. There has been a long controversy surrounding this problem, and a great deal of evidence has been uncovered.
Beginning in 1634, dresden, munich, and smaller german communities such as oberammergau recorded large numbers of plague casualties. It was during the renaissance that such ideals as secularism, humanism, individualism, rationalism and above all else secularism were first apparent in main stream society. With the decline of spain and germany spain through mammoth war costs, and the holy roman empire through the separation of its states more thoroughly, loosening the union which formally held them together france emerged as the greatest power on the continent. Germany after the thirty years war thirty years war effects on germany urban hits the thirty years war was a disaster for germany from both an economic and societal standpoint. The thirty years war began as a religious civil war between the protestants and roman catholics in germany that engaged the austrian habsburgs and the german princes. The thirty years war was the last of the great religious wars on the european continent, and it effectively ended the centurylong bloodshed following the reformation. What were the effects of the thirty years war on germany. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of europe, and, when it ended, the map of europe had been irrevocably changed. Causes and effects of the thirty years war onsible for the war lasting as long as it did. These difficulties were all combined and a long duration of disease and overall famine swept across europe and was predominantly bad where the armies passed by.
Its population dropped by 4 million, both trade and agriculture were disrupted, and germany s economy was ruined what were the consequences of the peace of westphalia in 1648. Wilson discusses specifically what is meant by the term mercenary in the context of the thirty years war. A number of europes leading powers were involved in the thirty years war. The french revolution and modern germany the globalist. Although the majority of germany suffered from famine and economic ruin, there were regions that came out of the war relatively unscathed. Its population dropped by 4 million, both trade and agriculture were disrupted, and germanys economy was ruined what were the consequences of the peace of westphalia in 1648. The fighting brought robbery, rape, murder, starvation, and disease to germanys land and its people, as the reading on page 399 of your textbook illustrates. Dec 10, 2019 the global effects of the thirty years war. Much of this area was protestant after the western schism the reformation and.
What was one effect of the thirty years war answers. Nov 09, 2016 the thirty years war was actually a number of wars. The range of confessions in germany, 1650, as a result of the thirty years. What were the causes and effects of the thirty years war. From 1634 to 1639, plague hit the whole of germany. World war 2 changed the course of history for the world. Spain lost the control that it had held over much of europe. Germany the thirty years war and the peace of westphalia.
The economic and social consequences of the thirty years war. The empire functioned in a more regular way than previously, and its federal nature was more evident than in the past. Even though there were some positive effects to the war, whole cities, farms and villages disappeared as a result of the fighting. The effects of the thirty years war on the german economy. As well as many deaths, the arts, science, trade, and industry declined in germany and it took almost 200 years for it to recover fully. Germany, it involved many of the great european powers at that time. What impact did the thirty years war have on german states. The thirty years war is coupled with the heighty years war and it leads to the complete reorganisation of the westphalian treaties of 1648, although nominaly theses treaties concerned france and sweden it concerned more countries and conflicts con. Causes and effects of the thirty years war the causes of the thirty years war can be traced as far back as the renaissance period. May 31, 2017 the thirty years war was one of the bloodiest events in european history deadlier than the black death and world war ii, in terms of the proportion of the population lost. France and the thirty years war history learning site.
In some areas in europe, especially in germany, the thirty years war had a devastating impact. A way out of the long conflict appeared in 1635 when saxony, brandenburg, and other protestant states seeking to end foreign intervention joined the emperor in the peace of prague, which included the revocation of the edict of restitution. Germany enjoyed a time of relative quiet between the peace of augsburg, signed in 1555, and the outbreak of the thirty years war in 1618. The thirty years war had a profound impact on europe, and some of the consequences of this war can be seen in the changes that were made to european society. Plague was carried by soldiers from one nation into others. One of the most gruesome wars of all time, world war 2 is best known for the bombing of hiroshima and nagasaki by the united states and the holocaust the genocide of six million european jews by nazi germany. Section 4 explores the effects of the thirty years war on market integration within a panel regression framework. War, plague and famine took their toll in the thirty years war, but to what extent is difficult to know. There is still little agreement about the state of the german economy during the halfcentury before 1618, and even less about the economic effects of the war.
Rabb prejudices and uncertainties have constantly obstructed scholars who have tried to estimate the effects of the thirty years war on germany. Years war although not without significant geopolitical effects for europe. Oct 06, 2008 two years later, as the imperial army pursued the defeated swedes into southwest germany, deaths from epidemics were high along the rhine river. Joachim fest, germanys most notable hitler biographer, posited that the thirty years war may have started the german yearning for order and stability, even at the cost of liberty. The thirty years war had detrimental effects on germany and its people. While the debate regarding the macroeffects of the thirty years war in early modern germany may be one that is well argued from both sides, this book does not contribute to. Two roman catholic armies, the emperors and the leagues, converged on the kingdom, routing frederick at the white mountain in november 1620 and replacing the regime of the estates in bohemia with a system of confessional absolutism based on rigid catholic conformity. Thirty years war 161848, in european history, a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. The population of germany was cut in half as a result of the many battles fought there.
Initial swedish successes brought them deep into catholic territory in southern germany, but swedish fortunes ebbed after. Thirty years war 161848, in european history, a series of wars. The thirty years war was a war fought primarily in central europe between 1618 and 1648. Disease and famine took the lions share of the death toll. Germany enjoyed a time of relative quiet between the peace of augsburg, signed in. The thirty years war had a profound impact on europe, and some of.
Only in the relatively minor mantuan episode did france have any military involvement but this was shortlived and did not involve the major european powers. The grain price data in the midseventeenth century, the core of the area we study belonged to the holy roman empire. Germany after the thirty years war by adrian currierwilson. The thirty years war required vast armies of mercenary troops and this, although militarily wise, was a large drain on state resources. The thirty years war had lasting effects as it killed as many people, industry suffered and so did all the infrastructure, such as it was, in western europe. The thirty years war, 161848 germany enjoyed a time of relative quiet between the peace of augsburg, signed in 1555, and the outbreak of the thirty years war in 1618. That year, denmarknorway took up arms again, this time fighting on the side of the habsburgs and the holy roman empire. May 28, 2015 war, plague and famine took their toll in the thirty years war, but to what extent is difficult to know. What was a longterm effect of the thirty years war on the german states. One of the most destructive conflicts in human history, 18 it resulted in eight million fatalities not only from military engagements but also from violence, famine, and plague. The thirty years war engulfed europe between 1618 and 1648.
The thirty years war was one of the bloodiest events in european history deadlier than the black death and world war ii, in terms of the proportion of the population lost. Sep 26, 2017 the thirty years war was a major european war that occurred during the 17th century. The effects of the thirty years war on germany aspects. While grimmelshausens account is fiction, he was alive and present during the. Whilst the conflict took place mainly in the area of modern day germany, it involved many of the great european powers at that time. This is an excerpt from a seventeenth century novel written by a survivor of the thirty years war.
The thirty years war was actually a number of wars. The social and economic impact of the thirty years war. The series of protracted religiousdynastic wars that afflicted the holy roman empire and most western european states from 1618 to 1648. Effect of the thirty years war on europe uk essays. The aforementioned war decimated much of the land which is now germany, how would a lesser war, or a war fought in different parts of europe have an effect on germany. The thirty years war was a 17thcentury religious conflict fought. So many had deid from war and disease, infrastructure suffered. Germany germany the thirty years war and the peace of westphalia. The thirty years war had a devastating effect on the german people. What participation france had committed herself to involved just diplomatic and political measures.
The political motives became more and more prevalent when sweden entered the war to help the protestant cause. Thirty years war kids britannica kids homework help. The social and economic impact of the thirty years war varied throughout europe. What were the effects of the thirty years war and how did it. It also gave a beginning to the era of modern army, disciplined and qualified. The effects of the war included the creation of the peace of westphalia and a start to remaking the religious and political boundaries in europe. The consequences and effects of the thirty years war. The thirty years war was a 17thcentury religious conflict fought primarily in central europe. Population and the thirty years war history learning site. Jan 19, 20 the subsequent excess and supposed selfinterest of the revolution undermined its appeal as a vehicle of reason and virtue. This view of the german catastrophe originated in seventeenthcentury brandenburg, and was passed on to prussia and the second reich. Even though the thirty years war was fought on the territory of todays germany, its ramifications were not concentrated only on europe, as one might think. It started as a religious unification and became a great power conflict. Bubonic plague continued to be a factor in the war.
Mar 25, 2015 up to the peace of prague, france had played a minimal part in the thirty years war. The thirty years war was fought primarily in the region that is now germany, from 1618 to1648. The war soon developed into a devastating struggle for the balance of power in europe. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of europe, and, when it ended, the.
For german liberals, although not for radical democrats, the french revolution provided the tools with which they forged a reformist but antirevolutionary message. Up to the peace of prague, france had played a minimal part in the thirty years war. The thirty years war, a series of wars fought by european nations for. A major loss in germany s population and damage of its countryside what most clearly distinguishes the northern from the italian renaissance. The grain price data in the midseventeenth century. The thirty years war 16181648 was fought primarily in what is now germany, and at various points involved most countries in europe. The principal effect of the thirty years war was depopulation across much of germany. As for geographically widerranging effects, heres something from wikipedia. He inherited a large part of central europe when he became holy roman emperor. As a consequence, people were having difficulty feeding their families.
It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human. The treaty of westphalia is signed, ending the thirty years war and radically shifting the balance of power in europe. The european power countries had an open path to the colonization of the overseas countries. Sweden did not enter the war for religious reasons at all. The thirty years war had complex and diverse origins but religion was perhaps the most important, and religious motivation was an integral part of the political, economic, and dynastic policies that formed and reshaped the course of. Two years later, as the imperial army pursued the defeated swedes into southwest germany, deaths from epidemics were high along the rhine river. Oct 22, 2019 the treaty of westphalia is signed, ending the thirty years war and radically shifting the balance of power in europe.
The thirty years war is thought to have claimed between 4 and 12 million lives. Historians have usually estimated that between onefourth and onethird of the population perished from direct military causes or from illness and starvation related to the war. One of the causes of the thirty years war 16181648 was the growing religious and political tension between roman catholics and protestant christians. Joachim fest, germany s most notable hitler biographer, posited that the thirty years war may have started the german yearning for order and stability, even at the cost of liberty. Much of this area was protestant after the western schism the reformation. Yet he still referred to a general german economic decline in the late sixteenth century pp. Most of the fighting took place in germany and it suffered the most awful effects of the war. What are the main causes and the main consequences. It was a clash between protestants and catholics in germany, which spread into a wider conflict involving denmark, sweden, and france. Generally speaking, the thirty years war began because of religious conflict. Areas badly affected by the plague experienced a population loss but also many who did not have the plague fled that area for their own safety and may well have returned to that region once. Oct 08, 2017 the thirty years war had detrimental effects on germany and its people.
The thirty years war was a major european war that occurred during the 17 th century. The subsequent excess and supposed selfinterest of the revolution undermined its appeal as a vehicle of reason and virtue. There is still little agreement about the state of the german economy during the halfcentury before 1618, and even less. During the time of the thirty years war agricultural production deteriorated considerably.
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